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Article 6
Also known as: Article 6 of the Paris Agreement
TL;DR
The Paris Agreement provisions (6.2, 6.4, 6.8) for international cooperation on mitigation, enabling cross-border carbon-credit transfers between NDCs.
Full explainer
Article 6 of the Paris Agreement defines three mechanisms by which countries can cooperate to meet their NDCs. Article 6.2 covers bilateral cooperative approaches between two or more countries — these generate ITMOs and require corresponding adjustments to prevent double-counting. Article 6.4 establishes a centralised UN mechanism (PACM, the Paris Agreement Crediting Mechanism), the successor to the CDM. Article 6.8 covers non-market approaches (capacity building, technology transfer).
For Indonesia, Article 6 is the legal hook for any export of carbon credits abroad. Perpres 110/2025 opened the domestic framework to Article 6 cooperation, KLHK issues the Surat Otorisasi authorisations, and BPDLH increasingly handles the financial flows. The Article 6.2 / 6.4 distinction matters because 6.4 PACM-issued credits go through a UN-administered registry while 6.2 transfers remain bilateral and rely on host-country registries (SRN-PPI for Indonesia).
Authoritative source
UNFCCC — Article 6 →Related terms