Regulation
PP
Also known as: Peraturan Pemerintah, government regulation
TL;DR
An Indonesian Government Regulation, issued by the President to operationalise a law; sits between UU and Perpres in the legal hierarchy.
Full explainer
PP — Peraturan Pemerintah, a Government Regulation — is the implementation-level legal instrument the President issues to operationalise a specific law (UU). Unlike Perpres, which the President can issue at their own initiative for cross-ministerial policy, a PP is always grounded in delegated authority from a specific UU and is typically drafted by the line ministry charged with implementation.
In carbon policy, PP 46/2017 (on Environmental Economic Instruments) was an early enabling instrument later superseded for carbon-specific work by Perpres 98/2021. PPs covering forestry concessions (PP 23/2021 on forest management) sit below the umbrella UU 41/1999 (Forestry) and shape what activities a concession holder can run on the land that anchors a forestry carbon project.
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